If the fluid that is being transported is corrosive then it will damage pipelines, external environment. Especially steam plants, where condensate travels at slow speed but steam always travels at high speed, in such cases water gets dragged by steam at very high speed which is 10 times speed of the water.
Accidentĭamage and destruction of piping leading to the industrial accident. Water Hammer Noise or Soundĭue to the shock, the water hammer creates sound or noise. Operation & Maintenance Issuesĭue to continuous problems, it increases the maintenance issues. Support System Damageĭue to high shock, supports of piping or pipelines may be damaged. Short circuits may happen and electrical hazards may be encountered, which is totally unsafe for the workers. Electrical System Damage & Safetyĭue to the water leakage, running electrical system may come into contact with water and the electrical system will be damaged. Lower Efficiencyĭue to leakage in the piping or pipelines, which will reduce the head requirements, as well as the efficiency of the system. It will incur leakage in the piping system. Pipe Damageĭue to this uneven pressure or shock, the associated piping system will be damaged, which can damage the entire system as well. A big shock can fail the entire system, however, a continuous small shock can damage the pump, its associated equipment, etc. Pump DamageĪs we have learned that shock due to water hammer depends on many factors. because such instruments have a delicate inner structure that is not designed to withstand such high-pressure waves. It does damage to equipment such as flow meters, pressure gauges, etc. Water can make a total system failure by a sudden surge in the piping system. Water hammer causes effects stop fix noise sound System Failure Now, if you run faster, your shock will be more and if you run at a slower speed, your shock will be less. If you run in a track, suddenly someone stops you! You will feel a shock. Sudden closure of valves, it may create water hammer sound or noise continuously. The causes of water hammer shall be as follows, Cause#1 Sudden Valve Closure So, what are the main causes of water hammer?
The closure of the valve is done very gradually when t > 2L/CĬlosure of valve is said to be instantaneous when t < 2L/Cįew of them are illustrated based on the highest rating as well as feedback:Ĭentrifugal pumps: Principles, Operation and Design Centrifugal Pump Basics (Mechanical Engineering & HVAC) Introduction to Centrifugal Pumps (HVAC and Engineering) What Causes Water Hammer? Sound, NoiseĪfter getting the basic idea about water hammer, let’s check what causes water hammer. So the head of pressure will be, H = L v/gt The axial force which is producing retardation, F1 From initial velocity V to zero in time t.Ĭondition – when the valve is closed gradually Let us just assume that closure of valve is being done such that liquid flowing through the pipe is brought to halt with uniform de-acceleration. So the mass of liquid in the pipe is m = ρ A L P = intensity of pressure wave produced.t = time taken to close valve which is in seconds.V = velocity of flow of water inside pipe.On one end there is a tank and on another end, the valve is attached. What water hammer causes effects equation exampleĬonsider a long pipe is carrying liquid and valve is attached to it at extreme end. To understand this we need to go through this example T = Distance Travelled by Wave / Velocity of Pressure Wave.Wave will travel from valve to tank and from tank to valve, T This all phenomenon happens due to the conversion of one form of energy into another. If it will be sudden then due to sudden change pressure rise will be sudden, if it is gradual pressure rise will be gradual. So when water running at such a high speed is stopped abruptly then this energy will get converted into pressure energy which will be dependent on the speed at which the velocity of fluid was reduced. It is dependent on mass (m) and square of velocity (v). When this water is coming through such high head to lower side, this potential energy is getting converted into kinetic energy. This potential energy is the product of density, gravitational acceleration, and height at which water is stored.
What water hammer causes effects explanation equation example
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